基于自适应形态学的跳频信号参数联合盲估计

跳频通信的应用大大提高了军事装备的抗干扰和抗截获能力，使得跳频对抗技术面临严峻的挑战。为解决传统形态学跳频信号参数估计方法中结构元素选择困难问题并提高估计精度，提出了一种基于自适应形态学的跳频信号参数联合盲估计方法。首先，对跳频信号进行短时傅里叶变换获取谱图。然后，从其时间轴投影中获取结构元素尺寸的知识, 设计自适应形态学滤波器抑制谱图噪声, 提取跳频图案初步估计跳频参数。最后, 引入最小二乘估计方法, 对跳频周期和跳变时刻进行精估计。仿真结果表明，此方法能够同时估计出跳频频率、跳频周期和跳变时刻, 不需要其中某一种参数作为先验条件, 在复杂的通信环境也能够保持良好的估计性能。     

基于目标高斯分布的定位系统节点最优部署方法

针对三维空间定位系统中目标位置服从高斯先验分布假设条件下节点最优部署问题, 分析了纯方位目标定位算法中估计误差的费希尔信息矩阵, 推导出基于目标先验分布的克拉美罗界(Cramer-Rao bound, CRB)。为了解决目标位置在任意高斯分布时, 协方差矩阵为非对角阵的问题, 提出了基于三维坐标旋转的最大后验概率估计方法, 将协方差矩阵转化为对角阵以实现最小化CRB的迹, 从而得到定位系统中节点的最优部署。最后, 通过梯度下降算法对节点最优部署问题的理论推导进行仿真, 验证了该部署方法的有效性，同时仿真结果中不同节点部署方法的对比也表明了该方法可有效降低定位误差。     

孕早期睡眠时长与午睡频次对妊娠糖尿病的影响

目的探讨孕早期睡眠时长和午睡频次对妊娠糖尿病(GDM)的影响。方法采用病例对照研究设计,选取2018年4月至2019年5月在安徽省妇幼保健院、吉安市妇幼保健院产检的孕妇作为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集研究对象的睡眠和午睡等信息,GDM的诊断来自孕中期常规口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果。结果共纳入500名研究对象,其中病例组196人,对照组304人。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,与睡眠时长7～8.9 h/晚相比,睡眠7、9～9.9、≥10 h/晚的孕妇发生GDM的风险均显著上升;与午睡频次≤5 d/周相比,5 d/周的孕妇发生GDM的风险更高。相比孕早期午睡频率≤5 d/周的孕妇,孕早期睡眠时长不足(7 h/晚)对GDM的影响在午睡频率5 d/周的孕妇中更弱,交互作用具有统计学意义(P=0.002)。结论孕早期睡眠时长、午睡频次均与GDM发病相关,且二者在GDM的发生中存在交互作用。     

The coconut pathosystem: weed hosts of nymphs of the American palm Cixiid Haplaxius crudus (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea)

Lethal yellowing (LY) of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L., Arecaceae) is a disease of economic importance that is caused by the phytoplasma ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’ and is transmitted by the planthopper Haplaxius crudus (Van Duzee) (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). This study explores the weeds used by H. crudus nymphs and other Cixiidae in a coconut pathosystem in southern Mexico. Nymphs were collected directly from the root system of each weed by hand or with the help of a vacuum after carefully opening the culm. This study included 11 species of weeds: nine Poaceae [Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, B. humidicola (Rendle) Schweick, B. mutica (Forssk.) Stapf, Digitaria abyssinica (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) Stapf, Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv., Leersia hexandra Sw., Panicum laxum Sw., P. maximum Jacq., Paspalum notatum Flüggé]; one Cyperaceae [Cyperus ligularis L.], and one Portulacaceae: [Portulaca pilosa L.]. Brachiaria mutica, E. petraea, B. humidicola, P. maximum were identified as the principal host species for H. crudus nymphs. Brachiaria decumbens, D. abyssinica, and C. ligularis are new host records for the nymphs of H. crudus. Additionally, it was found that H. crudus may coexist with its cogeners H. skarphion Kramer (Cixiidae) and H. caldwelli Kramer (Cixiidae), on B. mutica. On C. ligularis, H. crudus may coexist with Oecleus snowi Ball (Cixiidae) nymphs. These results suggest that in the coconut pathosystem there is a complex of multitrophic interactions that should be considered in integrated management of LY.     

磁流变液中磁性颗粒成链与团聚的临界特征分析

热运动对纳米级磁流变液系统的颗粒团聚行为和宏观流变特性扰动影响不可忽视.为研究施加外磁场后系统微结构与热运动间的关系，探讨在不同颗粒粒径情况下热运动能量在系统总能量中的占比.采用CCD设计方法，分析Monte Carlo仿真获取的颗粒位形信息，生成关于外磁场磁感应强度、颗粒粒径和体积分数的系统热耦合系数<λ>回归模型;成链团聚的临界颗粒粒径计算值比文献经验值高出约23%，证实在考虑系统内多因素的综合影响下，纳米级磁流变液具有更严格的流变现象临界发生条件.     

Haversian bone-mimicking bioceramic scaffolds enhancing MSC-macrophage osteo-imunomodulation

The interaction between immune cells and bone forming cells plays a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the skeletal system, and is regulated by the three-dimensional structure of tissues. Whether the construction of biomaterials can activate or reproduce this spatial “cross-talk” between immune cells and bone forming cells in bone natural formation process is a prerequisite for successful fracture healing and bone regeneration. Herein, a bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/macrophages-laden Haversian bone-mimicking bioceramic scaffold was successfully prepared through the biomimetic design of biomaterials and 3D printing technology. MSCs and macrophages were respectively distributed in the cancellous bone and Haversian canals of the scaffold to simulate the three-dimensional structure regulation of the cell spatial distribution and multiple intercellular interaction in natural bone tissue, and worked in concert to modulate the scaffold material-mediated osteo-immune microenvironment. The in vitro study revealed that the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages was more significantly inhibited when distributed with MSCs in the scaffolds at a cell ratio of 0.5:1 for co-culture, in comparison with multicellular culture at other ratios and unicellular culture. Meanwhile, MSCs exhibited the relatively high osteogenic potential, most likely via the activation of certain key signaling pathways mediated by macrophages-derived paracrine signaling mediators (OSM, BMP-2, and WNT10b). This work not only establishes a bionic platform for the regulation of multicellular osteo-immune response and regeneration but also offers a promising tissue-engineered biomimetic scaffold with improved immunomodulatory function for promoting bone tissue regeneration.     

双自由度磁悬浮式桥梁振动能量采集器数值仿真和优化

提出了一种能利用桥梁振动能量为传感器持续供电的双自由度磁悬浮振动能量采集器(TMEH),该系统的能量采集效率远高于传统单自由度磁悬浮振动能量采集器(SMEH).推导了TMEH系统的运动控制方程和机电耦合方程;建立了TMEH的多目标优化模型,提出了基于NSGA2算法的能量采集器参数优化设计方法;最后将TMEH和SMEH在简谐振动激励和桥梁随机振动激励作用下的响应特性和能量采集效率进行了对比.研究结果表明:1)通过NSGA2算法优化设计,TMEH能获得更宽的采能带宽和更高的输出功率;2)TMEH比SMEH的采能效率有明显提高.在简谐振动激励和桥梁随机振动激励作用下,TMEH的输出功率比SMEH增加了约2倍.     

基于混合优化算法的关节臂式测量机参数标定

为进一步提高关节臂式坐标测量机等高机动性精密测量设备的测量精度,使用D-H矩阵法建立其关节坐标转换数学模型并据此推导出参数误差模型.针对非线性多参数标定问题,通过变换分析消除了最小二乘法求解时矩阵中的冗余参数,降低了计算的复杂性.设定判定准则并实现最小二乘法和模拟退火算法的混合,提出了一种基于混合优化算法的参数标定方法,解决了LM算法的初值设定和SA算法的搜索效率逐步降低的问题.实验结果表明:关节臂式测量机参数经混合优化算法标定后,参数的误差范围有了显著的缩小,单点重复性误差的平均值减小了1.746 mm,长度误差的平均值减小了0.941 mm,测量误差得到了进一步的抑制.     

高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础受力分析

基于高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础承载特性,提出了一种改进有限杆单元计算分析方法.分析了高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础承载机理及受力特性,建立了双桩基础计算分析模型.其次,根据前、后桩与边坡相对位置关系,给出了后桩所受剩余下滑力与前桩所受土压力的比例关系.在传统有限杆单元分析方法基础上,结合陡坡桩受力特征,导得了考虑桩土共同作用与"P-Δ"效应的单元刚度矩阵修正方法,并在此基础上编制了适用于高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础的有限杆单元分析MATLAB计算程序.采用室内模型试验对本文计算方法进行验证,给出了适用于陡坡段桥梁桩基的设计流程图.研究结果表明:本文理论计算值与模型试验实测结果吻合良好,表明本文计算方法正确可行,可为同类工程设计提供参考.     

Lattice Solid/Boltzmann Microscopic Model to Simulate Solid/Fluid Systems-A Tool to Study Creation of Fluid Flow Networks for Viable Deep Geothermal Energy

SUMMARY:Realizing the potential of geothermal energy as a cheap, green, sustainable resource to provide for the planet’s future energy demands that a key geophysical problem be solved first:how to deve...